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Supreme Court's Final Week to Test Presidential Power Over Citizenship, Fed Independence and More

6/28/2026

The Supreme Court enters the final week of its term with rulings outstanding on eight cases, three of which directly test the boundaries of executive authority — including President Trump's effort to end birthright citizenship and whether he can remove commissioners at independent federal agencies, a question with direct implications for the Federal Reserve's operational independence.

Birthright Citizenship Case Carries Broadest Stakes Trump's attempt to restrict birthright citizenship is widely viewed as the most consequential pending decision.

Immigration advocacy groups and constitutional scholars have told Axios that the 14th Amendment and established legal precedent protect the right to citizenship for children born in the United States.

Todd Schulte, president of FWD.us, an immigration and criminal justice advocacy group, warned the outcome of gutting those protections would be "mass chaos at every hospital in the United States." Schulte added that a patchwork of citizenship rules would "fundamentally alter the day-to-day lives of tens of millions of Americans." Key justices appeared skeptical of the government's case at oral arguments earlier this year, though no ruling has yet been issued.

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